Focusing on the Qianjiaying Mine in Kailuan, this paper focuses on the analysis of the current status and main problems of water, fire, gas, and roof monitoring of coal mine safety production and also analyzes the major hazard source early warning and identification system platform of the coal mine and the Qianjiaying Mine data transmission system. The implementation was researched and designed. This project is the research and application of monitoring of major accident hazard sources in mines and mine disaster early warning technology, including hydrogeology, coal spontaneous combustion, gas, and roof pressure. It is closely related to mine safety production and is conducive to improving coal mine disaster prevention and emergency response capabilities.
Le operazioni nelle miniere di carbone sotterranee sono diverse dagli altri sistemi di produzione. Rispetto al sistema operativo a terra, presenta molti fattori naturali non sicuri: le principali fonti di pericolo, come gas, polvere di carbone, tetto, combustione spontanea del carbone e danni all'acqua, rappresentano una minaccia per il sistema di produzione e gli operatori, che richiede il livello tecnico di produzione e il livello decisionale di gestione Durante il processo di produzione, la possibilità di incidenti può essere prevista in anticipo, lo stato di pericolo del sistema di produzione può essere determinato, la legge degli incidenti può essere compresa e compresa, e i possibili pericoli possono essere previsti in modo da poter adottare misure preventive pertinenti.
Safe production has always been the top priority in the work of coal mining enterprises. Once an accident occurs, it will endanger the lives of production personnel, causing production to stop or more serious catastrophic consequences. The economic losses caused are very huge, resulting in severe social impact.
Attraverso il monitoraggio delle principali fonti di rischio di incidenti in miniera e la ricerca sulla tecnologia di allerta precoce dei disastri minerari, il monitoraggio e il controllo delle fonti di incidenti svolgeranno un ruolo importante nella prevenzione del verificarsi di incidenti di sicurezza in miniera.
1. Current status of safety monitoring in coal mines of Kailuan Group
The underground coal mine production system is a large system composed of humans, machines, and the environment. The operating units and spatial distribution are extremely complex. There are disasters and dangers such as gas and dust explosions, water inrush, underground fires, roof accidents, gas outbursts, and mechanical and electrical accidents.
The underground production system is three-dimensionally distributed in space and develops dynamically in time. Downhole accidents are dynamic, random, and fuzzy, and different disasters are correlated in time and space. Taking Qianjiaying Mine of Kailuan Group as a demonstration mine, we conducted in-depth research on major hazard sources such as water, fire, gas, and roof that affect coal mine production safety and established an early warning and identification system for major hazard sources.
1.1 Current status of water, fire, gas, and roof monitoring in Qianjiaying Mine
I parametri idrologici della miniera di Qianjiaying sono monitorati con il sistema di monitoraggio idrologico dinamico multiparametrico di Xi'an Xinyuan Technology, che realizza il monitoraggio della superficie.
Online record management of measurement site name, detection time, burial depth, working status, water temperature, water level, location, and other parameters. At present, the Qianjiaying Mine’s ground borehole water level monitoring system has installed 4 sets of monitoring substations and 16 ground hydrological holes.
The identification and detection of mine fire and gas are mainly completed through the bundle tube monitoring system and the KJ340 safety monitoring system. To detect the roof pressure, Tiandi Mako, Uroka, and Cotech-related products are used.
1) Online monitoring of the working resistance of the hydraulic support of the mining working face. Qianjiaying Mine currently has 6 mining working faces and two sets of online monitoring equipment for hydraulic support working resistance; there is no advanced support single column working resistance monitoring system. The hydraulic support working resistance online monitoring system is designed and produced by Tiandi Mako Company.
The main monitoring contents include: ① the ejection stroke value of each support; ② the working resistance of the upper column of each support; ③ the relative working position of the shearer; ④ the monitoring system. Monitoring data can be transmitted to the ground and displayed on the large screen in the dispatch room in real time.
2) Online monitoring of the roof separation layer. Qianjiaying Mine has 8 tunneling working faces and 2 sets of roof separation layer online monitoring systems that meet the project requirements. Qianjiaying Mine has carried out roof separation layer observation on the existing tunneling working face and two lanes of the mining working face, using manual According to the method of observation and recording methods. A roof separation layer instrument is installed every 40 ~ 50 m, with displacement records of deep and shallow points, and no online monitoring is implemented. Mainly using Shandong Tai’an Yuroka separation layer monitoring equipment. The roof detachment online warning function is not implemented.
Online monitoring of anchor rod, anchor cable stress, and drilling pressure has not yet been established.
1.2 Main problems existing in Qianjiaying Mine
1) Hydrological comprehensive monitoring system: Only surface water temperature, water level, and other parameters are monitored. No relevant sensors and systems have been installed for online detection of water pressure, water temperature, flow, and other parameters at underground monitoring points.
Hazard source early warning identification system plan (Part 2)
