Focusing on the Qianjiaying Mine in Kailuan, this paper focuses on the analysis of the current status and main problems of water, fire, gas, and roof monitoring of coal mine safety production and also analyzes the major hazard source early warning and identification system platform of the coal mine and the Qianjiaying Mine data transmission system. The implementation was researched and designed. This project is the research and application of monitoring of major accident hazard sources in mines and mine disaster early warning technology, including hydrogeology, coal spontaneous combustion, gas, and roof pressure. It is closely related to mine safety production and is conducive to improving coal mine disaster prevention and emergency response capabilities.
Der Betrieb von Kohlebergwerken unter Tage unterscheidet sich von anderen Produktionssystemen. Im Vergleich zum Betrieb über Tage gibt es hier viele unsichere natürliche Faktoren: große Gefahrenquellen wie Gas, Kohlenstaub, Dach, spontane Kohleverbrennung und Wasserschäden stellen eine Bedrohung für das Produktionssystem und die Bediener dar, was die produktionstechnische Ebene und die Entscheidungsebene des Managements erfordert. Während des Produktionsprozesses kann die Möglichkeit von Unfällen im Voraus vorhergesagt werden, der gefährliche Zustand des Produktionssystems kann bestimmt werden, das Gesetz der Unfälle kann verstanden und nachvollzogen werden, und die möglichen Gefahren können vorhergesagt werden, so dass entsprechende Präventivmaßnahmen ergriffen werden können.
Safe production has always been the top priority in the work of coal mining enterprises. Once an accident occurs, it will endanger the lives of production personnel, causing production to stop or more serious catastrophic consequences. The economic losses caused are very huge, resulting in severe social impact.
Durch die Überwachung der wichtigsten Gefahrenquellen für Grubenunfälle und die Erforschung von Frühwarntechnologien für Grubenkatastrophen wird die Überwachung und Kontrolle der Unfallursachen eine wichtige Rolle bei der Verhütung von Grubenunfällen spielen.
1. Current status of safety monitoring in coal mines of Kailuan Group
The underground coal mine production system is a large system composed of humans, machines, and the environment. The operating units and spatial distribution are extremely complex. There are disasters and dangers such as gas and dust explosions, water inrush, underground fires, roof accidents, gas outbursts, and mechanical and electrical accidents.
The underground production system is three-dimensionally distributed in space and develops dynamically in time. Downhole accidents are dynamic, random, and fuzzy, and different disasters are correlated in time and space. Taking Qianjiaying Mine of Kailuan Group as a demonstration mine, we conducted in-depth research on major hazard sources such as water, fire, gas, and roof that affect coal mine production safety and established an early warning and identification system for major hazard sources.
1.1 Current status of water, fire, gas, and roof monitoring in Qianjiaying Mine
Die hydrologischen Parameter des Qianjiaying-Bergwerks werden mit dem intelligenten Frühwarnsystem der Xi'an Xinyuan Technology überwacht, das eine Oberflächenüberwachung durchführt.
Online record management of measurement site name, detection time, burial depth, working status, water temperature, water level, location, and other parameters. At present, the Qianjiaying Mine’s ground borehole water level monitoring system has installed 4 sets of monitoring substations and 16 ground hydrological holes.
The identification and detection of mine fire and gas are mainly completed through the bundle tube monitoring system and the KJ340 safety monitoring system. To detect the roof pressure, Tiandi Mako, Uroka, and Cotech-related products are used.
1) Online monitoring of the working resistance of the hydraulic support of the mining working face. Qianjiaying Mine currently has 6 mining working faces and two sets of online monitoring equipment for hydraulic support working resistance; there is no advanced support single column working resistance monitoring system. The hydraulic support working resistance online monitoring system is designed and produced by Tiandi Mako Company.
The main monitoring contents include: ① the ejection stroke value of each support; ② the working resistance of the upper column of each support; ③ the relative working position of the shearer; ④ the monitoring system. Monitoring data can be transmitted to the ground and displayed on the large screen in the dispatch room in real time.
2) Online monitoring of the roof separation layer. Qianjiaying Mine has 8 tunneling working faces and 2 sets of roof separation layer online monitoring systems that meet the project requirements. Qianjiaying Mine has carried out roof separation layer observation on the existing tunneling working face and two lanes of the mining working face, using manual According to the method of observation and recording methods. A roof separation layer instrument is installed every 40 ~ 50 m, with displacement records of deep and shallow points, and no online monitoring is implemented. Mainly using Shandong Tai’an Yuroka separation layer monitoring equipment. The roof detachment online warning function is not implemented.
Online monitoring of anchor rod, anchor cable stress, and drilling pressure has not yet been established.
1.2 Main problems existing in Qianjiaying Mine
1) Hydrological comprehensive monitoring system: Only surface water temperature, water level, and other parameters are monitored. No relevant sensors and systems have been installed for online detection of water pressure, water temperature, flow, and other parameters at underground monitoring points.
Hazard source early warning identification system plan (Part 2)
